TORCH PANEL (INCLUDES IGM, IGG & REFLEX AVIDITY)

TORCH Panel (Includes IgM, IgG & Reflex Avidity)

What it is

The TORCH Panel (Includes IgM, IgG & Reflex Avidity) is a specialized blood test that helps detect infections that can affect pregnancy and newborn health. TORCH stands for Toxoplasmosis, Other infections (such as syphilis, varicella, parvovirus B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes simplex virus (HSV). By combining IgM and IgG antibody testing with reflex avidity analysis, the test helps differentiate between recent, past, or long-standing infections.

Uses

This panel is widely used in prenatal screening to identify infections that may cause congenital abnormalities, miscarriage, or pregnancy complications. IgM testing helps detect recent or active infections, IgG testing shows past exposure or immunity, and reflex avidity determines whether an IgG-positive infection is recent or old. It is also useful in newborns with suspected congenital infections and in women with recurrent miscarriages.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may recommend this test for pregnant women with fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, flu-like illness, or unexplained pregnancy complications. In newborns, it may be suggested if there are signs such as growth retardation, jaundice, seizures, developmental delays, or vision and hearing problems.

Abnormal Results

Positive IgM: Indicates a recent or active infection, which may pose risks during pregnancy.

Positive IgG with High Avidity: Suggests a past infection (usually more than 3–5 months ago) and lower risk for the fetus.

Positive IgG with Low Avidity: Suggests a recent infection (often within the last 3 months), which may increase pregnancy-related risks.

Negative IgG and IgM: Indicates no prior infection or immunity, leaving the individual susceptible to new infections.

Risks

The TORCH Panel with IgM, IgG & Reflex Avidity is a standard blood test with minimal risks. Side effects are rare but may include mild pain, bruising, or bleeding at the puncture site, and in rare cases dizziness or infection.