APOLIPOPROTEIN- B, SERUM

Apolipoprotein-B, Serum

What it is

The Apolipoprotein-B (Apo B), Serum test measures the amount of Apo B protein in the blood. Apo B is the primary protein component of low-density lipoprotein (LDL cholesterol), often called “bad cholesterol.” Elevated Apo B levels are strongly linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis.

Uses

This test is used to assess the risk of heart disease, evaluate cholesterol metabolism more accurately than standard lipid profiles, and monitor patients receiving treatment for high cholesterol. It also helps in identifying individuals with genetic lipid disorders such as familial hypercholesterolemia.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may recommend this test if you have risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as high cholesterol, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, smoking, or a family history of premature heart disease. It may also be advised for patients with unexplained chest pain or metabolic syndrome.

Abnormal Results

High Apo B: Indicates increased cardiovascular risk due to high levels of LDL cholesterol and may suggest a higher chance of developing heart disease or stroke.

Low Apo B: Usually considered favorable, indicating lower risk of cardiovascular disease. However, very low levels may be associated with certain genetic or metabolic disorders.

Risks

The test is performed using a routine blood sample and carries minimal risks. Mild pain, bruising, or bleeding at the puncture site may occur. Rarely, dizziness or infection can develop.