CENTROMERE ANTIBODY, SERUM

Centromere Antibody, Serum

What it is

The Centromere Antibody, Serum test detects antibodies directed against centromere proteins in the cell nucleus. These autoantibodies are strongly associated with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (also known as CREST syndrome) and other autoimmune connective tissue diseases. It is performed through blood testing using immunoassay techniques.

Uses

This test is primarily used in the evaluation of suspected systemic sclerosis and related autoimmune disorders. A positive centromere antibody test helps support the diagnosis of CREST syndrome (Calcinosis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly, and Telangiectasia). It may also assist in distinguishing limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis from the diffuse form of the disease and in ruling out other connective tissue conditions.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may recommend this test if you experience symptoms suggestive of autoimmune connective tissue disease, such as skin thickening (especially on fingers and hands), Raynaud’s phenomenon (fingers/toes turning white or blue in response to cold), difficulty swallowing, joint stiffness, skin telangiectasias (small red spots), or unexplained calcifications under the skin.

Abnormal Results

Positive Centromere Antibodies: Strongly associated with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis/CREST syndrome. May also be seen in some cases of primary biliary cholangitis and other autoimmune conditions.

Negative Centromere Antibodies: Suggest that centromere autoimmunity is unlikely. However, systemic sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases may still be present with different autoantibodies (such as anti-Scl-70, anti-RNP, or anti-SSA).

Risks

The test requires a standard blood sample, with minimal risks such as mild bruising, slight pain, or temporary dizziness. These effects are usually minor and short-lived.