EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS IGG ANTIBODY

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) IgG Antibody

What it is

The EBV IgG Antibody test detects IgG antibodies produced by the immune system in response to infection with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). EBV is a herpesvirus that causes infectious mononucleosis (“mono”). IgG antibodies appear during the acute phase but remain present for life, serving as a marker of past infection and immunity.

Uses

This test is used to confirm past EBV infection and to distinguish between recent and previous infections when combined with other EBV antibody tests (such as VCA IgM and EBNA IgG). It is particularly useful for evaluating patients with a history of unexplained fever, fatigue, or lymph node enlargement, as well as for immune status assessment in transplant and immunocompromised patients.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may recommend this test if you have or have had symptoms suggestive of EBV infection, including prolonged fatigue, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, rash, fever, or enlarged spleen or liver. It is also ordered when there is a need to differentiate EBV from other viral or bacterial infections.

Abnormal Results

Positive IgG: Indicates past or resolved EBV infection. A positive IgG result remains for life and signifies immunity to future EBV infections.

Negative IgG: Suggests no prior EBV infection or immunity. If acute infection is suspected, additional testing for EBV IgM antibodies or PCR may be needed.

Risks

The test requires a simple blood draw. Risks are minimal, including mild discomfort, bruising, or dizziness at the puncture site. These are temporary and uncommon.