HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS 2 IGM, SERUM

Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2) IgM, Serum

What it is

The Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2) IgM test is a blood test that detects IgM antibodies against HSV-2. These antibodies typically appear during the early stages of infection or reactivation, making IgM a marker of recent or acute genital herpes. HSV-2 most commonly causes genital herpes, though it may occasionally lead to oral lesions.

Uses

This test is used to:

• Identify acute or recent HSV-2 infection.
• Differentiate between new HSV-2 exposure and long-standing infection (tested by HSV-2 IgG).
• Support diagnosis of genital herpes when fresh blisters or ulcers are present.
• Assist in evaluating herpes infections in pregnancy, immunocompromised patients, or suspected first-time outbreaks.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may order this test if you present with painful genital blisters or ulcers, burning or tingling sensations before lesion development, fever, body aches, swollen lymph nodes, or unexplained recurrent genital irritation. It is also considered after suspected exposure to an HSV-2-positive partner.

Abnormal Results

Positive HSV-2 IgM: Indicates recent or acute infection, or possible viral reactivation. Because false positives may occur, confirmatory testing with HSV PCR or culture is often recommended.

Negative HSV-2 IgM: Suggests no evidence of recent infection. If symptoms persist, follow-up testing with HSV-2 IgG or PCR may help detect latent or chronic infection.

Risks

The test involves a routine blood sample collection. Risks are minimal and may include slight pain, mild bruising, or brief dizziness at the puncture site, which typically resolve quickly.