Lyme Disease (Borrelia Burgdorferi) Antibodies, Igg

Lyme Disease (Borrelia Burgdorferi) Antibodies, IgG

What it is

The Lyme Disease Antibodies, IgG test detects IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme disease. Unlike IgM, which signals recent infection, IgG antibodies appear later (usually after 4–6 weeks) and remain detectable for months or years, even after successful treatment. The test is often performed using ELISA and confirmed with a Western blot for accuracy.

Uses

This test is primarily used to confirm Lyme disease in patients with longer-standing symptoms or to support diagnosis after initial IgM antibody results. It helps distinguish between early infection and ongoing or past exposure. Doctors often use it alongside clinical evaluation and other lab tests to confirm Lyme disease.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may order this test if you have experienced prolonged symptoms of Lyme disease, such as joint pain, chronic fatigue, neurological issues (facial palsy, neuropathy, memory problems), heart rhythm disturbances, or arthritis following a possible tick bite. It is especially considered when symptoms persist weeks after suspected exposure.

Abnormal Results

Positive IgG: Suggests prior or ongoing infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. Since IgG can remain positive long after treatment, results must be interpreted with symptoms and medical history.

Negative IgG: Indicates no detectable IgG antibodies. If testing is done too early (before antibodies form), results may be negative despite infection. Repeat testing may be recommended if symptoms continue.

Risks

The test involves a simple blood draw. Risks are minimal and may include slight pain, bruising, or dizziness at the puncture site, which usually resolves quickly.