ALPHA FETO PROTEIN(AFP), CANCER MARKER,SERUM

Alpha Feto Protein (AFP), Cancer Marker, Serum

What it is

The Alpha Feto Protein (AFP) Cancer Marker test measures the level of AFP in the blood. AFP is a protein normally produced by the liver and yolk sac of a developing fetus. In adults, elevated levels of AFP can be a sign of certain cancers, especially liver cancer and germ cell tumors. It is commonly used as a tumor marker in cancer diagnosis and monitoring.

Uses

This test is mainly used to help diagnose and monitor cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer) and germ cell tumors of the testis or ovary. It is also used to monitor treatment response, check for recurrence after therapy, and differentiate between benign and malignant liver diseases.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may order the AFP test if a patient presents with symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, abdominal swelling, jaundice, persistent fatigue, loss of appetite, or a family history of liver disease or cancer. It is often recommended for patients with chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or cirrhosis, as they are at higher risk for liver cancer.

Abnormal Results

High AFP Levels: Suggest liver cancer, germ cell tumors, metastatic cancers, or chronic liver disease such as cirrhosis and hepatitis.

Low or Normal AFP Levels: Considered normal in healthy adults, but results must be interpreted along with imaging and other diagnostic tests, as some cancers may not produce AFP.

Risks

The AFP test is a simple blood test with minimal risks. Possible side effects include mild pain, bruising, or bleeding at the puncture site. In rare cases, patients may experience dizziness or infection after the blood draw.