BETA 2 MICROGLOBULIN, SERUM

Beta-2 Microglobulin, Serum

What it is

The Beta-2 Microglobulin (B2M) serum test measures the level of beta-2 microglobulin, a small protein found on the surface of most cells and released into the blood. It is filtered by the kidneys and can be elevated in certain cancers, kidney diseases, and immune system disorders.

Uses

This test is used to monitor multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and leukemia, assess prognosis in blood cancers, evaluate kidney function, and track immune activation in diseases like HIV/AIDS and autoimmune disorders.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may recommend the Beta-2 Microglobulin test for patients with symptoms such as unexplained fatigue, bone pain, frequent infections, swollen lymph nodes, weight loss, fever, or signs of kidney dysfunction.

Abnormal Results

High Beta-2 Microglobulin: May indicate multiple myeloma, lymphoma, leukemia, kidney disease, or active viral/autoimmune disease. High levels are often linked with worse prognosis in cancer patients.

Low or Normal Beta-2 Microglobulin: Considered within the expected range, but results must be interpreted alongside other tests.

Risks

The test is a routine blood test and carries minimal risks. Mild pain, bruising, or bleeding at the puncture site may occur, and rarely dizziness or infection.