CARCINO EMBRYONIC ANTIGEN (CEA), SERUM

Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), Serum

What it is

The Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) test measures the level of CEA, a protein normally found in very low amounts in healthy adults. Elevated levels can occur in certain cancers, especially colorectal cancer, as well as some non-cancerous conditions. This test is mainly used as a tumor marker.

Uses

The CEA test is used to monitor cancer treatment response, detect recurrence after surgery or therapy, and sometimes assist in cancer diagnosis. It is most commonly used in colorectal cancer but may also be relevant in lung, breast, pancreatic, stomach, and ovarian cancers.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may order this test if a patient has unexplained weight loss, persistent fatigue, abdominal pain, blood in stool, or a history of colorectal or other cancers. It may also be part of routine monitoring in cancer patients during and after treatment.

Abnormal Results

High CEA Levels: Suggestive of cancer presence, recurrence, or metastasis. Commonly seen in colorectal cancer and other malignancies. However, smoking, inflammation, liver disease, and other benign conditions can also cause elevated levels.

Normal/Low CEA Levels: Usually indicate no active cancer, but results must be interpreted with imaging and clinical findings, as some cancers do not produce CEA.

Risks

The test is a routine blood test with minimal risks. Possible side effects include mild pain, bruising, or bleeding at the puncture site, and rarely dizziness or infection.