URINE UROBILINOGEN

Urine Urobilinogen

What it is

The Urine Urobilinogen test measures the amount of urobilinogen in urine. Urobilinogen is a substance formed when intestinal bacteria break down bilirubin, a product of red blood cell breakdown. Normally, a small amount is reabsorbed and excreted in urine. Abnormal levels may indicate liver disease, bile duct obstruction, or hemolytic disorders.

Uses

This test is commonly used to evaluate liver function, detect hemolytic anemia, and monitor bile duct health. It is often part of a routine urinalysis and may be ordered alongside urine bilirubin testing for a more complete assessment of liver and blood-related conditions.

Symptoms That May Lead to the Test

Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms such as jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), dark urine, pale stools, fatigue, abdominal swelling or pain, unexplained anemia, or suspected liver disease. It may also be used in monitoring patients with chronic liver conditions.

Abnormal Results

Increased Urobilinogen: May indicate liver disease (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis), hemolytic anemia (excessive red blood cell breakdown), or excessive bilirubin production.

Decreased or Absent Urobilinogen: May suggest complete bile duct obstruction or severe liver impairment preventing bilirubin processing.

Normal Levels: A small amount of urobilinogen in urine is considered normal.

Risks

The test is non-invasive and only requires a urine sample. There are no direct risks, but proper collection and handling are important to ensure accuracy.